Artículos GCG, Georgetown-Universia

Freedom of the Press and Development: an unavoidable relationship

Mon, 13 Jul 2009 22:00:00 GMT

Studies on the relationship between freedom of the press and development date back to the 18th century. However, the meaning of this relationship has not always been interpreted in the same way, and even today it is a topic for debate. This article initially seeks to take a historical journey through different authors and interpretations, concluding by drawing on empirical data which allows us to observe the reality and the link between these indicators of freedom of the expression and development in both the human and the economic aspect.

Processes of regional defence integration: The South American Defence Council - UNASUR: a new attempt?

Sat, 14 Mar 2009 23:00:00 GMT

This article discusses the historical efforts for regional integration, suggesting the establishment of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) from the perspective of the South American Defence Council (CSD). The hypothesis is that any attempt at regional integration in the area of security and defence cannot be achieved without a consolidated State at individual country level, an acceptable integration of infrastructure in the region, and an pre-existing adequate level of political integration. The process will benefit if the units involved in the integration are more homogenous and more closely related through different political projects in infrastructures and energy.

Is a Spanish American Social Cohesion Fund feasible?

Sun, 15 Mar 2009 23:00:00 GMT

This article analyses the regional disparities in Latin America, and how greater interest has been generated in reducing existing asymmetries, and a greater awareness of the need to apply more active measures in order to achieve this objective. All this has resulted in a context where economic and social cohesion has begun to occupy more space, both in political debate and in Spanish American institutional relations. The work maintains that in order to make a cohesion fund in Spanish America viable, greater financial resources must be made available. At the same time, achieving this objective would require a greater fiscal effort in the countries involved and/or greater international financial support from other countries.

Why do non-target countries enforce counterterrorist policies?

Mon, 13 Jul 2009 22:00:00 GMT

As terrorist groups turn into more complex organizations, and more effective technology becomes available to them, transnational counterterrorism policies related with their resources as well as their structures are needed. This article tries to explain why non-target countries enforce such regulations. According to this research work, target countries seek non-target countries to implement some counterterrorist policies. As a transnational ‘market-for-regulation’ is unfeasible due to transaction costs, these policies are imposed by means of implicit and/or explicit sanctions, which are applied if non-target countries fail to enforce the desired counterterrorism level.

Hemispheric security in Latin America.Scope and propositions

Mon, 19 Nov 2007 23:00:00 GMT

This article deals with the state of the art in hemispheric security matters. It is considered that security is a condition to be provided by the State to citizens, along with the developments needed to reach the highest possible levels of general wellbeing. However, security in Latin America has been defined in a broad sense which covers not only the military factor, but also political, economic, social, health and environmental matters .

This is the reason for presenting a need to redefine the scope of action of security, deepening its significance and its relation to development in order to contribute with the political decision-making process. This article proposes the classification of different phenomena according to their effect on security or development.

Overall, it aims to review the current conceptualisation of hemispheric security, in order to materialise a proposition more in line with the challenges facing Latin America in the 21st century.

Latin America: an Agenda for Freedom

Mon, 19 Nov 2007 23:00:00 GMT

Latin America is a moral and cultural community, which forms a major part of the Western world; although some people try to deny the region of these characteristic values.

The effective involvement of Latin America in the western world primarily depends on the desires of the Latin American people themselves. Western values mark a safe route to democracy, prosperity and real progress. This requires stable democracies, with solid foundations.

There is no reason why the countries which make up Latin America cannot be among the most prosperous in the world. They face clear challenges and undeniable opportunities. Spain, the United States and other western democracies must show their decided support for freedom in this region.

Latin America: an Agenda for Freedom, borne of the Foundation’s commitment to Latin America.

Tax reform and improvement: The key to consolidating democracy in Latin America

Mon, 19 Nov 2007 23:00:00 GMT

Improvements to tax regimes in Latin America are helping to consolidate democracy in this continent. Latin American tax systems nevertheless continue to show weaknesses when it comes to collecting more tax using better methods, and in terms of guaranteeing a more efficient public expenditure and a more significant redistributive role. These challenges can create discontent and mistrust of democratic governments. The introduction of reforms to help correct these issues will not only help to strengthen the legitimacy of the tax system itself, but will also have a positive effect on public support for democracy.

BRINGING THE EMPIRE BACK IN

Wed, 05 Mar 2008 23:00:00 GMT

I propose that the classical analytical category of 'empire', as opposed to ‘state’ and other political forms, can account for a large number of historical and current experiences, including the United States of America, the European Union, Russia and China. An ‘empire’ can be conceived, in contrast to a ‘state’, as a very large size polity with a government formed by multiple institutional levels, overlapping jurisdictions and diverse formulas across the territory. According to the American experience and the most recent European one, the building of military and commercial large ‘empires’ can be a favorable formula for stability and progress in other areas of the world that have been subject to never-ending processes of trial and error in the art of building nation-states

The Internationalisation of Democracy in the Inter-American System

Wed, 05 Mar 2008 23:00:00 GMT

This article examines the evolution of the issue of the protection of democracy internationally as a novel phenomenon, closely linked to globalisation and the economic and technological developments of recent decades. Particular attention is paid to the fundamental bases of the democratic paradigm as the only legitimately accepted political regime in the Inter-American system. It also refers to the Inter-American Democratic Charter approved under the OAS, its principles and guidelines for collective measures for use in certain situations that gravely compromise democratic order in member states. Finally, it takes a critical look at the current scope of international protection of democracy in the Americas

Corporate Governance for a New Environment: Adjusting Ownership and Organization in an Integrated Marke

Tue, 08 Jul 2008 22:00:00 GMT

Multinational operations in Latin America – whether foreign or locally owned – experienced a dramatic change in their environment during the decade of the 1990s. Starting from a world in which each country was virtually isolated from their neighbors, a series of dramatic political changes brought about significant economic liberalization in its wake, including an explicit policy of market integration both regionally and globally. Firms that operated historically in a federal governance structure, with each subsidiary essentially operating exclusively in its own market and protected by high trade and investment barriers, were driven to change their operational, ownership and managerial structures in order to survive and prosper. The difficulties associated with these changes were significant and many firms and owners failed to adopt the necessary governance structures that would facilitate this change. A comparison of Multinational with Multilatina firms show significant differences in their approaches and suggests the need for the latter to accelerate their managerial investments.